Summary
Low oxygen triggers erythropoietin, raising red cell count over days and weeks.
In depth
Lower partial pressure of oxygen causes hypoxia. Acclimatisation: hyperventilation, EPO release raising haematocrit, 2,3-BPG changes. Highlanders in Tibet and the Andes show genetic adaptations. Altitude sickness includes headache and, rarely, pulmonary oedema.
Acute mountain sickness is common above 2500 m. Acclimatisation takes weeks. Hypoxic ventilatory response increases breathing.
Example: Sherpas show adaptations such as efficient oxygen use.
Frequently asked questions
What is Altitude Physiology?
Low oxygen triggers erythropoietin, raising red cell count over days and weeks.
Which area of biology covers Altitude Physiology, and how advanced is it?
Altitude Physiology is one of the 51 topics in Human Physiology. It is rated Advanced, so it suits learners who want specialist depth. Related topics in this area include Gas Exchange in Alveoli, Exercise Physiology, Respiratory Control.
Can you give an example of Altitude Physiology?
Climbers use acclimatisation stops.
What should I learn before Altitude Physiology?
Work through the Beginner topics in Human Physiology first, such as Homeostasis, Tissues and Organs, Skeletal System, then return to Altitude Physiology. Advanced topics assume the Intermediate vocabulary.
What topics are related to Altitude Physiology?
The closest topics to Altitude Physiology are Gas Exchange in Alveoli, Exercise Physiology, Respiratory Control, Blood Pressure. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Altitude Physiology?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Altitude Physiology. To practise the whole of Human Physiology, use the Human Physiology quiz.
How is Altitude Physiology different from Gas Exchange in Alveoli?
Altitude Physiology: Low oxygen triggers erythropoietin, raising red cell count over days and weeks. Gas Exchange in Alveoli: Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across thin alveolar and capillary walls down concentration gradients. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Altitude Physiology step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Gas Exchange in Alveoli and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Human Physiology quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.