Summary
The immune system attacks the body's own tissues, as in type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.
In depth
Mechanisms: failed tolerance, molecular mimicry, and genetic and environmental triggers. Examples: type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, which are more common in women. Treatments suppress immunity or block cytokines.
Autoantibodies or T cells attack self. Treatments include steroids, biologics (anti-TNF) and B cell depletion. Women are affected more often.
Example: rheumatoid arthritis involves joint inflammation by TNF and IL-6.
Frequently asked questions
What is Autoimmune Disease?
The immune system attacks the body's own tissues, as in type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.
Which area of biology covers Autoimmune Disease, and how advanced is it?
Autoimmune Disease is one of the 52 topics in Immunology & Disease. It is rated Intermediate, so it suits learners who already know the core vocabulary. Related topics in this area include Immunological Tolerance, Transplant Rejection, Cytokines.
Can you give an example of Autoimmune Disease?
In Graves' disease, antibodies stimulate the thyroid.
What should I learn before Autoimmune Disease?
Work through the Beginner topics in Immunology & Disease first, such as Immune System, Viruses, Innate Immunity, then return to Autoimmune Disease. Intermediate topics assume the Beginner vocabulary.
What topics are related to Autoimmune Disease?
The closest topics to Autoimmune Disease are Immunological Tolerance, Transplant Rejection, Cytokines, Complement System. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Autoimmune Disease?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Autoimmune Disease. To practise the whole of Immunology & Disease, use the Immunology & Disease quiz.
How is Autoimmune Disease different from Immunological Tolerance?
Autoimmune Disease: The immune system attacks the body's own tissues, as in type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. Immunological Tolerance: Central and peripheral mechanisms eliminate or suppress self-reactive lymphocytes to prevent autoimmunity. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Autoimmune Disease step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Immunological Tolerance and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Immunology & Disease quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.