Summary
Comparing unique DNA patterns to identify individuals in forensics and paternity tests.
In depth
Alec Jeffreys developed it in 1984. Early methods used VNTR bands; modern forensic profiling uses short tandem repeats (STRs) at around 20 loci, giving odds of match of about one in a billion or more. Used for crime, paternity, disasters and conservation.
Match probability depends on allele frequencies in the relevant population. Mixtures and degraded samples need careful interpretation. DNA databases link profiles to suspects.
Example: PCR amplification of STRs makes it possible to use tiny samples.
Frequently asked questions
What is DNA Fingerprinting?
Comparing unique DNA patterns to identify individuals in forensics and paternity tests.
Which area of biology covers DNA Fingerprinting, and how advanced is it?
DNA Fingerprinting is one of the 56 topics in Biotechnology & Genomics. It is rated Beginner, so it suits learners who are starting out in biology. Related topics in this area include Forensic Biology, Pharmacogenomics, DNA Sequencing.
Can you give an example of DNA Fingerprinting?
DNA evidence has exonerated wrongly convicted people.
What should I learn before DNA Fingerprinting?
DNA Fingerprinting is a Beginner topic, so no earlier topic is required. Other Beginner topics in Biotechnology & Genomics that pair well with it include Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, Selective Breeding.
What topics are related to DNA Fingerprinting?
The closest topics to DNA Fingerprinting are Forensic Biology, Pharmacogenomics, DNA Sequencing, Proteomics. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand DNA Fingerprinting?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for DNA Fingerprinting. To practise the whole of Biotechnology & Genomics, use the Biotechnology & Genomics quiz.
How is DNA Fingerprinting different from Forensic Biology?
DNA Fingerprinting: Comparing unique DNA patterns to identify individuals in forensics and paternity tests. Forensic Biology: Applies DNA, blood and tissue analysis to criminal investigations. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study DNA Fingerprinting step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Forensic Biology and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Biotechnology & Genomics quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.