Summary
A network of collagen and glycoproteins outside animal cells that provides support and cell signalling cues.
In depth
The ECM is secreted by cells and consists of fibres (collagen for strength, elastin for stretch) in a gel of proteoglycans and glycoproteins such as fibronectin. Integrins link the matrix to the cell's cytoskeleton, so the cell can sense stiffness.
The matrix influences cell shape, migration, differentiation and survival. Its degradation by enzymes allows cancer cells to invade.
Frequently asked questions
What is Extracellular Matrix?
A network of collagen and glycoproteins outside animal cells that provides support and cell signalling cues.
Which area of biology covers Extracellular Matrix, and how advanced is it?
Extracellular Matrix is one of the 52 topics in Cell Biology. It is rated Intermediate, so it suits learners who already know the core vocabulary. Related topics in this area include Cytoskeleton, Eukaryotic Cell, Cell Migration.
Can you give an example of Extracellular Matrix?
Bone is a matrix of collagen hardened with calcium phosphate crystals.
What should I learn before Extracellular Matrix?
Work through the Beginner topics in Cell Biology first, such as Cell Theory, Prokaryotic Cell, Eukaryotic Cell, then return to Extracellular Matrix. Intermediate topics assume the Beginner vocabulary.
What topics are related to Extracellular Matrix?
The closest topics to Extracellular Matrix are Cytoskeleton, Eukaryotic Cell, Cell Migration, Endoplasmic Reticulum. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Extracellular Matrix?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Extracellular Matrix. To practise the whole of Cell Biology, use the Cell Biology quiz.
How is Extracellular Matrix different from Cytoskeleton?
Extracellular Matrix: A network of collagen and glycoproteins outside animal cells that provides support and cell signalling cues. Cytoskeleton: A network of protein filaments that maintains cell shape, anchors organelles and enables movement. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Extracellular Matrix step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Cytoskeleton and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Cell Biology quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.