Summary
Predicts species richness on islands from island size and distance to the mainland.
In depth
MacArthur and Wilson (1967) predicted equilibrium species number balances immigration and extinction. Large near islands have more species than small distant ones. It informs reserve design and habitat fragments behave as islands.
The theory predicts a dynamic equilibrium with continuous turnover of species. Rescue effect is higher immigration reducing extinction. Applies to habitat patches, mountain tops and lakes.
Remember: it was one of the first quantitative theories in ecology.
Frequently asked questions
What is Island Biogeography?
Predicts species richness on islands from island size and distance to the mainland.
Which area of biology covers Island Biogeography, and how advanced is it?
Island Biogeography is one of the 54 topics in Ecology. It is rated Advanced, so it suits learners who want specialist depth. Related topics in this area include Macroecology, Allee Effect, Landscape Ecology.
Can you give an example of Island Biogeography?
Krakatau was recolonised after its 1883 eruption.
What should I learn before Island Biogeography?
Work through the Beginner topics in Ecology first, such as Ecology, Ecosystem, Biotic and Abiotic Factors, then return to Island Biogeography. Advanced topics assume the Intermediate vocabulary.
What topics are related to Island Biogeography?
The closest topics to Island Biogeography are Macroecology, Allee Effect, Landscape Ecology, Metapopulations. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Island Biogeography?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Island Biogeography. To practise the whole of Ecology, use the Ecology quiz.
How is Island Biogeography different from Macroecology?
Island Biogeography: Predicts species richness on islands from island size and distance to the mainland. Macroecology: Studies large-scale patterns of abundance, range and diversity, such as the latitudinal diversity gradient. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Island Biogeography step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Macroecology and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Ecology quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.