Summary
Monogamy, polygyny and polyandry reflect resource distribution and parental investment.
In depth
Monogamy (swans, gibbons), polygyny (elephant seals, deer), polyandry (jacanas), promiscuity. Determined by resource defence, parental care needs and operational sex ratio. Extra-pair copulations occur in many 'monogamous' birds.
The distribution of resources and females determines whether males can monopolise mates. When males provide essential care, monogamy is more common. Lek systems have males displaying in a communal arena where females choose.
Example: sage grouse leks.
Frequently asked questions
What is Mating Systems?
Monogamy, polygyny and polyandry reflect resource distribution and parental investment.
Which area of biology covers Mating Systems, and how advanced is it?
Mating Systems is one of the 53 topics in Animal Behaviour. It is rated Intermediate, so it suits learners who already know the core vocabulary. Related topics in this area include Dominance Hierarchies, Parental Investment, Sexual Conflict.
Can you give an example of Mating Systems?
In jacanas, males care for eggs and females hold territories.
What should I learn before Mating Systems?
Work through the Beginner topics in Animal Behaviour first, such as Animal Behaviour, Innate Behaviour, Learned Behaviour, then return to Mating Systems. Intermediate topics assume the Beginner vocabulary.
What topics are related to Mating Systems?
The closest topics to Mating Systems are Dominance Hierarchies, Parental Investment, Sexual Conflict, Territoriality. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Mating Systems?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Mating Systems. To practise the whole of Animal Behaviour, use the Animal Behaviour quiz.
How is Mating Systems different from Dominance Hierarchies?
Mating Systems: Monogamy, polygyny and polyandry reflect resource distribution and parental investment. Dominance Hierarchies: Social ranking in a group that reduces conflict over resources, like the pecking order in hens. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Mating Systems step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Dominance Hierarchies and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Animal Behaviour quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.