Summary
Species like E. coli, yeast, Arabidopsis, zebrafish and mice are used because they are tractable and informative.
In depth
E. coli (genetics, molecular biology), S. cerevisiae (cell cycle), C. elegans (development, ageing), Drosophila (genetics), zebrafish (vertebrate development), mouse (mammalian physiology), Arabidopsis (plants). Selection criteria: short generation time, small size, genomic tools.
Choice depends on question: genetics, development or disease. Findings in models need validation. Limitations include differences from humans.
Example: yeast cell cycle genes are conserved in humans.
Frequently asked questions
What is Model Organisms?
Species like E. coli, yeast, Arabidopsis, zebrafish and mice are used because they are tractable and informative.
Which area of biology covers Model Organisms, and how advanced is it?
Model Organisms is one of the 51 topics in Lab Methods & Biostatistics. It is rated Advanced, so it suits learners who want specialist depth. Related topics in this area include Quadrats and Transects, Magnification and Resolution, Scientific Method.
Can you give an example of Model Organisms?
Nobel-winning discoveries have used these species.
What should I learn before Model Organisms?
Work through the Beginner topics in Lab Methods & Biostatistics first, such as Scientific Method, Hypothesis, Variables, then return to Model Organisms. Advanced topics assume the Intermediate vocabulary.
What topics are related to Model Organisms?
The closest topics to Model Organisms are Quadrats and Transects, Magnification and Resolution, Scientific Method, Phylogenetic Statistics. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Model Organisms?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Model Organisms. To practise the whole of Lab Methods & Biostatistics, use the Lab Methods & Biostatistics quiz.
How is Model Organisms different from Quadrats and Transects?
Model Organisms: Species like E. coli, yeast, Arabidopsis, zebrafish and mice are used because they are tractable and informative. Quadrats and Transects: Standard sampling tools used to estimate species abundance and distribution along gradients. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Model Organisms step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Quadrats and Transects and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Lab Methods & Biostatistics quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.