Summary
A nerve cell with dendrites, a cell body and an axon that transmits electrical signals.
In depth
Dendrites receive input, the soma integrates it, the axon hillock initiates action potentials and the axon carries them to terminals. Types: sensory, motor and interneurons. Neurons do not usually divide after development.
Neurons maintain ion gradients with pumps. Axonal transport moves materials along microtubules. Neurons vary hugely in shape and function.
Example: Purkinje cells have huge dendritic trees.
Frequently asked questions
What is Neuron?
A nerve cell with dendrites, a cell body and an axon that transmits electrical signals.
Which area of biology covers Neuron, and how advanced is it?
Neuron is one of the 54 topics in Neuroscience. It is rated Beginner, so it suits learners who are starting out in biology. Related topics in this area include Nervous System, Cerebral Cortex, Reflex Arc.
Can you give an example of Neuron?
Motor neurons from spinal cord to foot can be about 1 m long.
What should I learn before Neuron?
Neuron is a Beginner topic, so no earlier topic is required. Other Beginner topics in Neuroscience that pair well with it include Nervous System, Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems, Brain Regions.
What topics are related to Neuron?
The closest topics to Neuron are Nervous System, Cerebral Cortex, Reflex Arc, Resting Membrane Potential. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Neuron?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Neuron. To practise the whole of Neuroscience, use the Neuroscience quiz.
How is Neuron different from Nervous System?
Neuron: A nerve cell with dendrites, a cell body and an axon that transmits electrical signals. Nervous System: The brain, spinal cord and nerves that sense, process and respond to information. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Neuron step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Nervous System and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Neuroscience quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.