Summary
Homogenising and centrifuging cells to separate organelles by density.
In depth
Homogenise in cold isotonic buffered solution, filter, then differential centrifugation at increasing speeds: nuclei first, then mitochondria, lysosomes, microsomes and ribosomes. Density gradient centrifugation separates further.
Isotonic buffer prevents osmotic damage; cold slows enzymes. Pellet and supernatant are separated after each spin; heaviest organelles settle first.
Example: nuclei pellet at low speed, ribosomes at very high speed.
Frequently asked questions
What is Cell Fractionation?
Homogenising and centrifuging cells to separate organelles by density.
Which area of biology covers Cell Fractionation, and how advanced is it?
Cell Fractionation is one of the 51 topics in Lab Methods & Biostatistics. It is rated Intermediate, so it suits learners who already know the core vocabulary. Related topics in this area include Staining Techniques, Electron Microscopy, Colorimetry.
Can you give an example of Cell Fractionation?
De Duve discovered lysosomes using fractionation.
What should I learn before Cell Fractionation?
Work through the Beginner topics in Lab Methods & Biostatistics first, such as Scientific Method, Hypothesis, Variables, then return to Cell Fractionation. Intermediate topics assume the Beginner vocabulary.
What topics are related to Cell Fractionation?
The closest topics to Cell Fractionation are Staining Techniques, Electron Microscopy, Colorimetry, Chromatography. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Cell Fractionation?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Cell Fractionation. To practise the whole of Lab Methods & Biostatistics, use the Lab Methods & Biostatistics quiz.
How is Cell Fractionation different from Staining Techniques?
Cell Fractionation: Homogenising and centrifuging cells to separate organelles by density. Staining Techniques: Dyes such as iodine and methylene blue increase contrast so cell parts are visible. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Cell Fractionation step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Staining Techniques and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Lab Methods & Biostatistics quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.