Summary
Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors such as lactate and amino acids, mainly in the liver.
In depth
Bypasses three irreversible glycolytic steps with other enzymes (pyruvate carboxylase, PEPCK, fructose bisphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase). Stimulated by glucagon and cortisol, it keeps blood glucose up in fasting.
It uses lactate, glycerol and amino acids. It consumes energy but ensures a supply of glucose for the brain and red blood cells.
Key idea: it is not simply reverse glycolysis because three steps use different enzymes.
Frequently asked questions
What is Gluconeogenesis?
Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors such as lactate and amino acids, mainly in the liver.
Which area of biology covers Gluconeogenesis, and how advanced is it?
Gluconeogenesis is one of the 53 topics in Metabolism & Bioenergetics. It is rated Intermediate, so it suits learners who already know the core vocabulary. Related topics in this area include Glucose as Fuel, Glycogen Metabolism, Cori Cycle.
Can you give an example of Gluconeogenesis?
Alcohol inhibits gluconeogenesis and can cause hypoglycaemia.
What should I learn before Gluconeogenesis?
Work through the Beginner topics in Metabolism & Bioenergetics first, such as Metabolism, Anabolism and Catabolism, ATP, then return to Gluconeogenesis. Intermediate topics assume the Beginner vocabulary.
What topics are related to Gluconeogenesis?
The closest topics to Gluconeogenesis are Glucose as Fuel, Glycogen Metabolism, Cori Cycle, Ketone Body Metabolism. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Gluconeogenesis?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Gluconeogenesis. To practise the whole of Metabolism & Bioenergetics, use the Metabolism & Bioenergetics quiz.
How is Gluconeogenesis different from Glucose as Fuel?
Gluconeogenesis: Synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors such as lactate and amino acids, mainly in the liver. Glucose as Fuel: The main sugar broken down to supply cellular energy. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Gluconeogenesis step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Glucose as Fuel and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Metabolism & Bioenergetics quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.