Summary
Neurons are generated, migrate, extend axons and form synapses guided by chemical cues.
In depth
Neural tube forms from ectoderm; neurogenesis, migration, axon guidance by growth cones (netrins, semaphorins), synaptogenesis and pruning follow. Many neurons die by apoptosis, and use-dependent refinement shapes circuits in critical periods.
Activity-dependent refinement strengthens used synapses. Critical periods close when inhibition matures. Early deprivation has lasting effects.
Key idea: the brain is wired by genes and refined by experience.
Frequently asked questions
What is Neural Development?
Neurons are generated, migrate, extend axons and form synapses guided by chemical cues.
Which area of biology covers Neural Development, and how advanced is it?
Neural Development is one of the 54 topics in Neuroscience. It is rated Intermediate, so it suits learners who already know the core vocabulary. Related topics in this area include Nervous System, Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses, Neural Circuits and Oscillations.
Can you give an example of Neural Development?
Amblyopia arises from lack of visual input in childhood.
What should I learn before Neural Development?
Work through the Beginner topics in Neuroscience first, such as Nervous System, Neuron, Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems, then return to Neural Development. Intermediate topics assume the Beginner vocabulary.
What topics are related to Neural Development?
The closest topics to Neural Development are Nervous System, Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses, Neural Circuits and Oscillations, Long-Term Potentiation. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Neural Development?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Neural Development. To practise the whole of Neuroscience, use the Neuroscience quiz.
How is Neural Development different from Nervous System?
Neural Development: Neurons are generated, migrate, extend axons and form synapses guided by chemical cues. Nervous System: The brain, spinal cord and nerves that sense, process and respond to information. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Neural Development step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Nervous System and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Neuroscience quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.