Summary
Uptake of free DNA from the surroundings, or transfer of DNA between bacteria by bacteriophages.
In depth
Natural competence allows some bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bacillus, to take up DNA; in the lab, calcium chloride or electroporation do so. In transduction, phages accidentally package host DNA (generalised) or excise next to the prophage (specialised).
Natural transformation requires competence factors. Transduction is mediated by phage. These processes spread genes in nature and are exploited in the lab.
Key idea: bacteria obtain DNA from the environment or by viral delivery.
Frequently asked questions
What is Transformation and Transduction?
Uptake of free DNA from the surroundings, or transfer of DNA between bacteria by bacteriophages.
Which area of biology covers Transformation and Transduction, and how advanced is it?
Transformation and Transduction is one of the 54 topics in Microbiology. It is rated Intermediate, so it suits learners who already know the core vocabulary. Related topics in this area include Bacterial Genetics, Pathogens, Conjugation.
Can you give an example of Transformation and Transduction?
Cholera toxin gene is carried by a phage.
What should I learn before Transformation and Transduction?
Work through the Beginner topics in Microbiology first, such as Microorganisms, Bacteria, Archaea, then return to Transformation and Transduction. Intermediate topics assume the Beginner vocabulary.
What topics are related to Transformation and Transduction?
The closest topics to Transformation and Transduction are Bacterial Genetics, Pathogens, Conjugation, Phage Therapy. Comparing them side by side is a good way to see how the ideas connect.
How can I check that I understand Transformation and Transduction?
Read the summary and the in-depth section, then use the quick check on the interactive lesson for Transformation and Transduction. To practise the whole of Microbiology, use the Microbiology quiz.
How is Transformation and Transduction different from Bacterial Genetics?
Transformation and Transduction: Uptake of free DNA from the surroundings, or transfer of DNA between bacteria by bacteriophages. Bacterial Genetics: Bacteria change genetically through mutation and by exchanging DNA by transformation, transduction and conjugation. Read both side by side and note what each one explains.
How should I study Transformation and Transduction step by step?
First, read the summary and write the definition in your own words. Second, read the in-depth section and note any example. Third, compare it with Bacterial Genetics and explain the difference aloud. Finally, take the Microbiology quiz and come back to this page for any question you miss.